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原文：
WASHINGTON — The final straw came when Guy Vance's chest, neck and face ballooned, little air bubbles in his skin crackling to the touch — all because of a leak somewhere in his lung. Air was seeping into his chest cavity and under his skin, seekingGlobe Valves another escape route. Two earlier surgeries had failed to seal the leak. A drainage tube implanted in the 63-year-old's chest offered only a temporary, painful solution. So Dr. Keith Mortman snaked a tiny, umbrella-shaped valve into Vance's lung in hopes of Filter finally plugging the leak — by redirecting how air can flow in that part of the lung. "Enough of this frequent-flyer stuff in the hospital. Let's get you home," Mortman, director of minimally invasive thoracic surgery at Washington Hospital Center, told Vance last week. Lots of problems — lung diseases, chest trauma, thoracic surgery — can cause an Plug Valves air leak in the lung's delicate lining, in turn making the lung partially collapse. Fortunately, the vast majority of leaks seal themselves in about a week. But a fraction of those people, like Vance, suffer prolonged air leaks that just won't heal, triggering repeated, expensive hospitalizations and complications like infections from chest tubes. Enter endobronchial valves, a little-known option to treat persistent leaky lungs without further surgery — they're slid in through the windpipe. And they soon might be used for more than those rare prolonged leaks: Experiments are underway to see if the valves also could help advanced emphysema. But wedging these valves into just the right spot can be tricky. Minutes after Mortman snaked a camera into the top of Vance's right lung came the discovery that his airways don't form the normal three-way branch, but a narrowed, two-way tunnel. "As much as I like this gentleman, we knew he wasn't going to make it easy for us," sighed Balance Valves Mortman, who just a month earlier had hopped a plane to Redmond, Wash., to learn the procedure from valve maker Spiration Inc. Vance's odyssey began with lung cancer in 2004. Radiation left his right lung particularly fragile, vulnerable to leaking. Last fall, doctors slid a flap of muscle into Vance's chest cavity to help seal off a persistent leak that left him breathless, but it didn't work. They operated again in early spring, unsuccessfully. Vance was in and out of the hospital for months, his worst episode that scary swelling called subcutaneous emphysema. "It would blow up my body," said Vance, pausing for breaths. Prepped for the procedure, he told Mortman, "Doc, I'm pretty much ready to go." The idea: Blocking air from entering the bad section of his lung decreases pressure on the leak and might help it heal. Spiration's IBV valve looks like a metal umbrella and acts like a one-way plug, blocking new Forged Steel Valves air from flowing past but letting stale air or mucus escape. "We're doing this for quality of life, to get the tube out of his chest and prevent him from being readmitted to the hospital," said Mortman, who navigates Vance's radiation-scarred bronchial tubes with the slightest motion of the tube in his trachea.
原文来自：http://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/24/nyregion/engineers-battle-to-restart-pump-to-halt-sewage-flow.html

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以下是参考译文：

译文：鲜为人知的阀门密封可在肺部漏气
华盛顿 - 最后的稻草来时，盖伊万斯的胸部，颈部和面部膨胀，在他的皮肤的小气泡噼啪作响的触摸 - 因为泄漏后在他的肺部所有。空气渗入他的胸腔和他的皮肤下，寻求其他的退路。前两次手术没有闸阀密封泄漏。阿引流管植入63岁的胸部被证明仅是暂时的，痛苦的解决方案。所以基思莫特曼博士蜿蜒到万斯的肺部微小，伞型阀堵塞泄漏的最后希望 - 通过重定向如何在这流动的空气可以对肺的一部分。 “这在医院频繁飞行的东西够了。让我们带你回家，”莫特曼，微创在华盛顿医院中心胸外科主任，上周告诉万斯。很多问题 - 肺部疾病，胸部外伤，胸外科手术 - 可能导致肺部的微妙衬砌空气泄漏，在截止阀使肺局部塌陷转机。幸运的是，绝大多数密封泄漏在一个星期左右自己。但这些人的一小部分，像万斯，遭受长期漏气，就不会愈合，引发反复，昂贵的住院和胸部像管感染并发症。进入支气管内的阀，一个鲜为人知的选择手术治疗，不需再持续泄漏肺 - 他们正在滑向通过气管研究。他们可能会马上被用于较罕见的长时间泄漏更多：正在进行实验，看看是否还可以帮助阀门先进肺气肿。但是，楔入到合适的地方只是这些阀门可以棘手。分钟后止回阀莫特曼蜿蜒进入万斯的右肺上方的摄像头传来的发现，他的航空公司未形成正常的三路分支，而是缩小，双向隧道。他说：“虽然我很喜欢这位先生，我们知道他是不会让我们很容易，”叹了口气莫特曼，谁只是一个月前已经登上了飞机雷德蒙德，华盛顿州，从学习过程阀门制造商抽出鼻唇公司万斯的奥德赛开始与肺癌于2004年。辐射离开了他的右肺特别脆弱，容易漏水。去年秋天，医生滑向万斯的胸腔肌皮瓣的封锁，以帮助持续泄漏，这让他喘不过气来，但没有奏效。他们又在早春经营，但没有成功。万斯在进出医院好几个月，他最蝶阀可怕的肿块，称为插曲，皮下气肿。 “这将打击我的身体，”万斯说，为呼吸暂停。的程序Prepped，他告诉莫特曼，“医生，我几乎准备好了。” 这个想法：从进入他的肺部不好的部分阻塞空气压力减小的泄漏，可能帮助它愈合。抽出鼻唇的传染性支气管炎病毒阀看起来像一个金属雨伞，像一个单向堵塞的行为，阻止新的空气流动的过去，但让浑浊柱塞阀的空气或黏液逃脱。 “我们正在做的生活质量，为使管出他的胸部，防止他被重新接纳到医院，说：”莫特曼，导航与安全阀谁管丝毫的议案，万斯的辐射疤痕支气管他气管。

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